The Uplands Catching Up With The Lowlands? Reflections on Discourses on Socio-Cultural Growth of Ethnic Minorities in the Central Highlands Vietnam.

Abstract

Based on an ethnographic study of human resource development among selected ethnic minority groups in the Central Highlands of Vietnam, this paper discusses how popular discourses about social-cultural differences between the ‘civilized’ lowlands majority Kinh people and ‘backwards’ upland minority groups impact on education and job orientation and opportunity for the local people. Popular assumptions contend that minority people are inept to learn, thus depriving themselves of higher education and training opportunities, eventually confining them to lowly local jobs rather than jobs of a more competitive nature. All this occurs against the backdrop of rapid economic, social and cultural transformations that reduce drastically the natural habitat of minority groups due to massive in-migration of Kinh people and the utilization of forest for production of commodities to serve the global market. A quarter of a century in the aftermath of Doi Moi, the realities on the ground show that state policies aimed at promoting social and cultural growth for the multi ethnic nation remain a myth. Particularly with regard to human resource development in the Central Highlands, the entrenched inequalities between the majority group and other minorities have become even wider and the few individuals from minority groups who have somehow climbed out of their own ethnic niches and succeed socially and economically are those who choose to adopt aspects of Viet/Kinh-ness.

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Roy Huijsmans